Abstract
Climate change is predicted to produce “winners” and “losers” among Idaho's native fishes in terms of kilometers of stream habitat. Habitat quality is predicted to decline in large rivers that support the highest quality fisheries for native natural-origin salmon and trout. Warming is predicted to expand the distributions of three key non-native species (brown trout, brook trout, and smallmouth bass), but expansions may only benefit smallmouth bass anglers in rivers; expansions of trout species will occur in small headwater streams that are rarely fished. The changing climate will affect habitats and species interactions in complex ways beyond the effects of temperature alone. Predictions for anadromous fish species are further complicated by migratory life cycles. Economic impacts will depend on changes in fish distribution; fish traits, such as size and abundance; angler access and activity; feedback patterns between climate effects; changes in socio-ecological drivers; climate mitigation actions (e.g., riparian management, instream flow regulation); and economic costs and benefits of conservation and management action, including Endangered Species Act (ESA) listings.