Upper Limits on the Isotropic Gravitational-Wave Background from Advanced LIGO's and Advanced Virgo's Third Observing Run

The LIGO Scientific Collaboration; the Virgo Collaboration; the KAGRA Collaboration; R Abbott; T. D Abbott; S Abraham; F Acernese; K Ackley; A Adams; C Adams; R. X Adhikari; V. B Adya; C Affeldt; D Agarwal; M Agathos; K Agatsuma; N Aggarwal; O. D Aguiar; L Aiello; A Ain; T Akutsu; K. M Aleman; G Allen; A Allocca; P. A Altin; A Amato; S Anand; A Ananyeva; S. B Anderson; W. G Anderson; M Ando; S. V Angelova; S Ansoldi; J. M Antelis; S Antier; S Appert; Koya Arai; Koji Arai; Y Arai; S Araki; A Araya; M. C Araya; J. S Areeda; M Arène; N Aritomi; N Arnaud; S. M Aronson; H Asada; Y Asali; G Ashton; Y Aso; S. M Aston; P Astone; F Aubin; P Aufmuth; K AultONeal; C Austin; S Babak; F Badaracco; M. K. M Bader; S Bae; Y Bae; A. M Baer; S Bagnasco; Y Bai; L Baiotti; J Baird; R Bajpai; M Ball; G Ballardin; S. W Ballmer; M Bals; A Balsamo; G Baltus; S Banagiri; D Bankar; R. S Bankar; J. C Barayoga; C Barbieri; B. C Barish; D Barker; P Barneo; S Barnum; F Barone; B Barr; L Barsotti; M Barsuglia; D Barta; J Bartlett; M. A Barton; I Bartos; R Bassiri; A Basti; M Bawaj; J. C Bayley; A. C Baylor; M Bazzan; B Bécsy; V. M Bedakihale; M Bejger; I Belahcene; V Benedetto; D Beniwal; M. G Benjamin; T. F Bennett; J. D Bentley; M BenYaala; F Bergamin; B. K Berger; S Bernuzzi; D Bersanetti; A Bertolini; J Betzwieser; R Bhandare; A. V Bhandari; D Bhattacharjee; S Bhaumik; J Bidler; I. A Bilenko; G Billingsley; R Birney; O Birnholtz; S Biscans; M Bischi; S Biscoveanu; A Bisht; B Biswas; M Bitossi; M. -A Bizouard; J. K Blackburn; J Blackman; C. D Blair; D. G Blair; R. M Blair; F Bobba; N Bode; M Boer; G Bogaert; M Boldrini; F Bondu; E Bonilla; R Bonnand; P Booker; B. A Boom; R Bork; V Boschi; N Bose; S Bose; V Bossilkov; V Boudart; Y Bouffanais; A Bozzi; C Bradaschia; P. R Brady; A Bramley; A Branch; M Branchesi; J. E Brau; M Breschi; T Briant; J. H Briggs; A Brillet; M Brinkmann; P Brockill; A. F Brooks; J Brooks; D. D Brown; S Brunett; G Bruno; R Bruntz; J Bryant; A Buikema; T Bulik; H. J Bulten; A Buonanno; R Buscicchio; D Buskulic; R. L Byer; L Cadonati; M Caesar; G Cagnoli; C Cahillane; H. W CainIII; J. Calderón Bustillo; J. D Callaghan; T. A Callister; E Calloni; J. B Camp; M Canepa; M Cannavacciuolo; K. C Cannon; H Cao; J Cao; Z Cao; E Capocasa; E Capote; G Carapella; F Carbognani; J. B Carlin; M. F Carney; M Carpinelli; G Carullo; T. L Carver; J. Casanueva Diaz; C Casentini; G Castaldi; S Caudill; M Cavaglià; F Cavalier; R Cavalieri; G Cella; P Cerdá-Durán; E Cesarini; W Chaibi; K Chakravarti; B Champion; C. -H Chan; C Chan; C. L Chan; M Chan; K Chandra; P Chanial; S Chao; P Charlton; E. A Chase; E Chassande-Mottin; D Chatterjee; M Chaturvedi; A Chen; C Chen; H. Y Chen; J Chen; K Chen; X Chen; Y. -B Chen; Y. -R Chen; Z Chen; H Cheng; C. K Cheong; H. Y Cheung; H. Y Chia; F Chiadini; C-Y Chiang; R Chierici; A Chincarini; M. L Chiofalo; A Chiummo; G Cho; H. S Cho; S Choate; R. K Choudhary; S Choudhary; N Christensen; H Chu; Q Chu; Y-K Chu; S Chua; K. W Chung; G Ciani; P Ciecielag; M Cieślar; M Cifaldi; A. A Ciobanu; R Ciolfi; F Cipriano; A Cirone; F Clara; E. N Clark; J. A Clark; L Clarke; P Clearwater; S Clesse; F Cleva; E Coccia; P. -F Cohadon; D. E Cohen; L Cohen; M Colleoni; C. G Collette; M Colpi; C. M Compton; M ConstancioJr; L Conti; S. J Cooper; P Corban; T. R Corbitt; I Cordero-Carrión; S Corezzi; K. R Corley; N Cornish; D Corre; A Corsi; S Cortese; C. A Costa; R Cotesta; M. W Coughlin; S. B Coughlin; J. -P Coulon; S. T Countryman; B Cousins; P Couvares; P. B Covas; D. M Coward; M. J Cowart; D. C Coyne; R Coyne; J. D. E Creighton; T. D Creighton; A. W Criswell; M Croquette; S. G Crowder; J. R Cudell; T. J Cullen; A Cumming; R Cummings; E Cuoco; M Curyło; T. Dal Canton; G Dálya; A Dana; L. M DaneshgaranBajastani; B D'Angelo; S. L Danilishin; S D'Antonio; K Danzmann; C Darsow-Fromm; A Dasgupta; L. E. H Datrier; V Dattilo; I Dave; M Davier; G. S Davies; D Davis; E. J Daw; R Dean; D DeBra; M Deenadayalan; J Degallaix; M De Laurentis; S Deléglise; V Del Favero; F De Lillo; N De Lillo; W Del Pozzo; L. M DeMarchi; F De Matteis; V D'Emilio; N Demos; T Dent; A Depasse; R De Pietri; R De Rosa; C De Rossi; R DeSalvo; R De Simone; S Dhurandhar; M. C Díaz; M Diaz-OrtizJr; N. A Didio; T Dietrich; L Di Fiore; C Di Fronzo; C Di Giorgio; F Di Giovanni; T Di Girolamo; A Di Lieto; B Ding; S Di Pace; I Di Palma; F Di Renzo; A. K Divakarla; A Dmitriev; Z Doctor; L D'Onofrio; F Donovan; K. L Dooley; S Doravari; I Dorrington; M Drago; J. C Driggers; Y Drori; Z Du; J. -G Ducoin; P Dupej; O Durante; D D'Urso; P. -A Duverne; I Dvorkin; S. E Dwyer; P. J Easter; M Ebersold; G Eddolls; B Edelman; T. B Edo; O Edy; A Effler; S Eguchi; J Eichholz; S. S Eikenberry; M Eisenmann; R. A Eisenstein; A Ejlli; Y Enomoto; L Errico; R. C Essick; H Estellés; D Estevez; Z Etienne; T Etzel; M Evans; T. M Evans; B. E Ewing; V Fafone; H Fair; S Fairhurst; X Fan; A. M Farah; S Farinon; B Farr; W. M Farr; N. W Farrow; E. J Fauchon-Jones; M Favata; M Fays; M Fazio; J Feicht; M. M Fejer; F Feng; E Fenyvesi; D. L Ferguson; A Fernandez-Galiana; I Ferrante; T. A Ferreira; F Fidecaro; P Figura; I Fiori; M Fishbach; R. P Fisher; J. M Fishner; R Fittipaldi; V Fiumara; R Flaminio; E Floden; E Flynn; H Fong; J. A Font; B Fornal; P. W. F Forsyth; A Franke; S Frasca; F Frasconi; C Frederick; Z Frei; A Freise; R Frey; P Fritschel; V. V Frolov; G. G Fronzé; Y Fujii; Y Fujikawa; M Fukunaga; M Fukushima; P Fulda; M Fyffe; H. A Gabbard; B. U Gadre; S. M Gaebel; J. R Gair; J Gais; S Galaudage; R Gamba; D Ganapathy; A Ganguly; D Gao; S. G Gaonkar; B Garaventa; C García-Núñez; C García-Quirós; F Garufi; B Gateley; S Gaudio; V Gayathri; G Ge; G Gemme; A Gennai; J George; L Gergely; P Gewecke; S Ghonge; Abhirup Ghosh; Archisman Ghosh; Shaon Ghosh; Shrobana Ghosh; Sourath Ghosh; B Giacomazzo; L Giacoppo; J. A Giaime; K. D Giardina; D. R Gibson; C Gier; M Giesler; P Giri; F Gissi; J Glanzer; A. E Gleckl; P Godwin; E Goetz; R Goetz; N Gohlke; B Goncharov; G González; A Gopakumar; M Gosselin; R Gouaty; B Grace; A Grado; M Granata; V Granata; A Grant; S Gras; P Grassia; C Gray; R Gray; G Greco; A. C Green; R Green; A. M Gretarsson; E. M Gretarsson; D Griffith; W Griffiths; H. L Griggs; G Grignani; A Grimaldi; E Grimes; S. J Grimm; H Grote; S Grunewald; P Gruning; J. G Guerrero; G. M Guidi; A. R Guimaraes; G Guixé; H. K Gulati; H. -K Guo; Y Guo; Anchal Gupta; Anuradha Gupta; P Gupta; E. K Gustafson; R Gustafson; F Guzman; S Ha; L Haegel; A Hagiwara; S Haino; O Halim; E. D Hall; E. Z Hamilton; G Hammond; W. -B Han; M Haney; J Hanks; C Hanna; M. D Hannam; O. A Hannuksela; H Hansen; T. J Hansen; J Hanson; T Harder; T Hardwick; K Haris; J Harms; G. M Harry; I. W Harry; D Hartwig; K Hasegawa; B Haskell; R. K Hasskew; C. -J Haster; K Hattori; K Haughian; H Hayakawa; K Hayama; F. J Hayes; J Healy; A Heidmann; M. C Heintze; J Heinze; J Heinzel; H Heitmann; F Hellman; P Hello; A. F Helmling-Cornell; G Hemming; M Hendry; I. S Heng; E Hennes; J Hennig; M. H Hennig; F. Hernandez Vivanco; M Heurs; S Hild; P Hill; Y Himemoto; A. S Hines; Y Hiranuma; N Hirata; E Hirose; S Hochheim; D Hofman; J. N Hohmann; A. M Holgado; N. A Holland; I. J Hollows; Z. J Holmes; K Holt; D. E Holz; Z Hong; P Hopkins; J Hough; E. J Howell; C. G Hoy; D Hoyland; A Hreibi; B-H Hsieh; Y Hsu; G-Z Huang; H-Y Huang; P Huang; Y-C Huang; Y. -J Huang; Y. -W Huang; M. T Hübner; A. D Huddart; E. A Huerta; B Hughey; D. C. Y Hui; V Hui; S Husa; S. H Huttner; R Huxford; T Huynh-Dinh; S Ide; B Idzkowski; A Iess; B Ikenoue; S Imam; K Inayoshi; H Inchauspe; C Ingram; Y Inoue; G Intini; K Ioka; M Isi; K Isleif; K Ito; Y Itoh; B. R Iyer; K Izumi; V JaberianHamedan; T Jacqmin; S. J Jadhav; S. P Jadhav; A. L James; A. Z Jan; K Jani; K Janssens; N. N Janthalur; P Jaranowski; D Jariwala; R Jaume; A. C Jenkins; C Jeon; M Jeunon; W Jia; J Jiang; H. -B Jin; G. R Johns; A. W Jones; D. I Jones; J. D Jones; P Jones; R Jones; R. J. G Jonker; L Ju; K Jung; P Jung; J Junker; K Kaihotsu; T Kajita; M Kakizaki; C. V Kalaghatgi; V Kalogera; B Kamai; M Kamiizumi; N Kanda; S Kandhasamy; G Kang; J. B Kanner; Y Kao; S. J Kapadia; D. P Kapasi; C Karathanasis; S Karki; R Kashyap; M Kasprzack; W Kastaun; S Katsanevas; E Katsavounidis; W Katzman; T Kaur; K Kawabe; K Kawaguchi; N Kawai; T Kawasaki; F Kéfélian; D Keitel; J. S Key; S Khadka; F. Y Khalili; I Khan; S Khan; E. A Khazanov; N Khetan; M Khursheed; N Kijbunchoo; C Kim; J. C Kim; J Kim; K Kim; W. S Kim; Y. -M Kim; C Kimball; N Kimura; P. J King; M Kinley-Hanlon; R Kirchhoff; J. S Kissel; N Kita; H Kitazawa; L Kleybolte; S Klimenko; A. M Knee; T. D Knowles; E Knyazev; P Koch; G Koekoek; Y Kojima; K Kokeyama; S Koley; P Kolitsidou; M Kolstein; K Komori; V Kondrashov; A. K. H Kong; A Kontos; N Koper; M Korobko; K Kotake; M Kovalam; D. B Kozak; C Kozakai; R Kozu; V Kringel; N. V Krishnendu; A Królak; G Kuehn; F Kuei; A Kumar; P Kumar; Rahul Kumar; Rakesh Kumar; J Kume; K Kuns; C Kuo; H-S Kuo; Y Kuromiya; S Kuroyanagi; K Kusayanagi; K Kwak; S Kwang; D Laghi; E Lalande; T. L Lam; A Lamberts; M Landry; B. B Lane; R. N Lang; J Lange; B Lantz; I La Rosa; A Lartaux-Vollard; P. D Lasky; M Laxen; A Lazzarini; C Lazzaro; P Leaci; S Leavey; Y. K Lecoeuche; H. K Lee; H. M Lee; H. W Lee; J Lee; K Lee; R Lee; J Lehmann; A Lemaître; E Leon; M Leonardi; N Leroy; N Letendre; Y Levin; J. N Leviton; A. K. Y Li; B Li; J Li; K. L Li; T. G. F Li; X Li; C-Y Lin; F-K Lin; F-L Lin; H. L Lin; L. C. -C Lin; F Linde; S. D Linker; J. N Linley; T. B Littenberg; G. C Liu; J Liu; K Liu; X Liu; M Llorens-Monteagudo; R. K. L Lo; A Lockwood; M. L Lollie; L. T London; A Longo; D Lopez; M Lorenzini; V Loriette; M Lormand; G Losurdo; J. D Lough; C. O Lousto; G Lovelace; H Lück; D Lumaca; A. P Lundgren; L. -W Luo; R Macas; M MacInnis; D. M Macleod; I. A. O MacMillan; A Macquet; I. Magaña Hernandez; F Magaña-Sandoval; C Magazzù; R. M Magee; R Maggiore; E Majorana; I Maksimovic; S Maliakal; A Malik; N Man; V Mandic; V Mangano; J. L Mango; G. L Mansell; M Manske; M Mantovani; M Mapelli; F Marchesoni; M Marchio; F Marion; Z Mark; S Márka; Z Márka; C Markakis; A. S Markosyan; A Markowitz; E Maros; A Marquina; S Marsat; F Martelli; I. W Martin; R. M Martin; M Martinez; V Martinez; K Martinovic; D. V Martynov; E. J Marx; H Masalehdan; K Mason; E Massera; A Masserot; T. J Massinger; M Masso-Reid; S Mastrogiovanni; A Matas; M Mateu-Lucena; F Matichard; M Matiushechkina; N Mavalvala; J. J McCann; R McCarthy; D. E McClelland; P McClincy; S McCormick; L McCuller; G. I McGhee; S. C McGuire; C McIsaac; J McIver; D. J McManus; T McRae; S. T McWilliams; D Meacher; M Mehmet; A. K Mehta; A Melatos; D. A Melchor; G Mendell; A Menendez-Vazquez; C. S Menoni; R. A Mercer; L Mereni; K Merfeld; E. L Merilh; J. D Merritt; M Merzougui; S Meshkov; C Messenger; C Messick; P. M Meyers; F Meylahn; A Mhaske; A Miani; H Miao; I Michaloliakos; C Michel; Y Michimura; H Middleton; L Milano; A. L Miller; M Millhouse; J. C Mills; E Milotti; M. C Milovich-Goff; O Minazzoli; Y Minenkov; N Mio; Ll. M Mir; A Mishkin; C Mishra; T Mishra; T Mistry; S Mitra; V. P Mitrofanov; G Mitselmakher; R Mittleman; O Miyakawa; A Miyamoto; Y Miyazaki; K Miyo; S Miyoki; Geoffrey Mo; K Mogushi; S. R. P Mohapatra; S. R Mohite; I Molina; M Molina-Ruiz; M Mondin; M Montani; C. J Moore; D Moraru; F Morawski; A More; C Moreno; G Moreno; Y Mori; S Morisaki; Y Moriwaki; B Mours; C. M Mow-Lowry; S Mozzon; F Muciaccia; Arunava Mukherjee; D Mukherjee; Soma Mukherjee; Subroto Mukherjee; N Mukund; A Mullavey; J Munch; E. A Muñiz; P. G Murray; R Musenich; S. L Nadji; K Nagano; S Nagano; A Nagar; K Nakamura; H Nakano; M Nakano; R Nakashima; Y Nakayama; I Nardecchia; T Narikawa; L Naticchioni; B Nayak; R. K Nayak; R Negishi; B. F Neil; J Neilson; G Nelemans; T. J. N Nelson; M Nery; A Neunzert; K. Y Ng; S. W. S Ng; C Nguyen; P Nguyen; T Nguyen; L. Nguyen Quynh; W. -T Ni; S. A Nichols; A Nishizawa; S Nissanke; F Nocera; M Noh; M Norman; C North; S Nozaki; L. K Nuttall; J Oberling; B. D O'Brien; Y Obuchi; J O'Dell; W Ogaki; G Oganesyan; J. J Oh; K Oh; S. H Oh; M Ohashi; N Ohishi; M Ohkawa; F Ohme; H Ohta; M. A Okada; Y Okutani; K Okutomi; C Olivetto; K Oohara; C Ooi; R Oram; B O'Reilly; R. G Ormiston; N. D Ormsby; L. F Ortega; R O'Shaughnessy; E O'Shea; S Oshino; S Ossokine; C Osthelder; S Otabe; D. J Ottaway; H Overmier; A. E Pace; G Pagano; M. A Page; G Pagliaroli; A Pai; S. A Pai; J. R Palamos; O Palashov; C Palomba; K Pan; P. K Panda; H Pang; P. T. H Pang; C Pankow; F Pannarale; B. C Pant; F Paoletti; A Paoli; A Paolone; A Parisi; J Park; W Parker; D Pascucci; A Pasqualetti; R Passaquieti; D Passuello; M Patel; B Patricelli; E Payne; T. C Pechsiri; M Pedraza; M Pegoraro; A Pele; F. E. Peña Arellano; S Penn; A Perego; A Pereira; T Pereira; C. J Perez; C Périgois; A Perreca; S Perriès; J Petermann; D Petterson; H. P Pfeiffer; K. A Pham; K. S Phukon; O. J Piccinni; M Pichot; M Piendibene; F Piergiovanni; L Pierini; V Pierro; G Pillant; F Pilo; L Pinard; I. M Pinto; B. J Piotrzkowski; K Piotrzkowski; M Pirello; M Pitkin; E Placidi; W Plastino; C Pluchar; R Poggiani; E Polini; D. Y. T Pong; S Ponrathnam; P Popolizio; E. K Porter; J Powell; M Pracchia; T Pradier; A. K Prajapati; K Prasai; R Prasanna; G Pratten; T Prestegard; M Principe; G. A Prodi; L Prokhorov; P Prosposito; L Prudenzi; A Puecher; M Punturo; F Puosi; P Puppo; M Pürrer; H Qi; V Quetschke; P. J Quinonez; R Quitzow-James; F. J Raab; G Raaijmakers; H Radkins; N Radulesco; P Raffai; S. X Rail; S Raja; C Rajan; K. E Ramirez; T. D Ramirez; A Ramos-Buades; J Rana; P Rapagnani; U. D Rapol; B Ratto; V Raymond; N Raza; M Razzano; J Read; L. A Rees; T Regimbau; L Rei; S Reid; D. H Reitze; P Relton; P Rettegno; F Ricci; C. J Richardson; J. W Richardson; L Richardson; P. M Ricker; G Riemenschneider; K Riles; M Rizzo; N. A Robertson; R Robie; F Robinet; A Rocchi; J. A Rocha; S Rodriguez; R. D Rodriguez-Soto; L Rolland; J. G Rollins; V. J Roma; M Romanelli; J. D Romano; R Romano; C. L Romel; A Romero; I. M Romero-Shaw; J. H Romie; C. A Rose; D Rosińska; S. G Rosofsky; M. P Ross; S Rowan; S. J Rowlinson; Santosh Roy; Soumen Roy; D Rozza; P Ruggi; K Ryan; S Sachdev; T Sadecki; J Sadiq; N Sago; S Saito; Y Saito; K Sakai; Y Sakai; M Sakellariadou; Y Sakuno; O. S Salafia; L Salconi; M Saleem; F Salemi; A Samajdar; E. J Sanchez; J. H Sanchez; L. E Sanchez; N Sanchis-Gual; J. R Sanders; A Sanuy; T. R Saravanan; N Sarin; B Sassolas; H Satari; S Sato; T Sato; O Sauter; R. L Savage; V Savant; T Sawada; D Sawant; H. L Sawant; S Sayah; D Schaetzl; M Scheel; J Scheuer; A Schindler-Tyka; P Schmidt; R Schnabel; M Schneewind; R. M. S Schofield; A Schönbeck; B. W Schulte; B. F Schutz; E Schwartz; J Scott; S. M Scott; M Seglar-Arroyo; E Seidel; T Sekiguchi; Y Sekiguchi; D Sellers; A Sergeev; A. S Sengupta; N Sennett; D Sentenac; E. G Seo; V Sequino; Y Setyawati; T Shaffer; M. S Shahriar; B Shams; L Shao; S Sharifi; A Sharma; P Sharma; P Shawhan; N. S Shcheblanov; H Shen; S Shibagaki; M Shikauchi; R Shimizu; T Shimoda; K Shimode; R Shink; H Shinkai; T Shishido; A Shoda; D. H Shoemaker; D. M Shoemaker; K Shukla; S ShyamSundar; M Sieniawska; D Sigg; L. P Singer; D Singh; N Singh; A Singha; A. M Sintes; V Sipala; V Skliris; B. J. J Slagmolen; T. J Slaven-Blair; J Smetana; J. R Smith; R. J. E Smith; S. N Somala; K Somiya; E. J Son; K Soni; S Soni; B Sorazu; V Sordini; F Sorrentino; N Sorrentino; H Sotani; R Soulard; T Souradeep; E Sowell; V Spagnuolo; A. P Spencer; M Spera; A. K Srivastava; V Srivastava; K Staats; C Stachie; D. A Steer; J Steinlechner; S Steinlechner; D. J Stops; M Stover; K. A Strain; L. C Strang; G Stratta; A Strunk; R Sturani; A. L Stuver; J Südbeck; S Sudhagar; V Sudhir; R Sugimoto; H. G Suh; T. Z Summerscales; H Sun; L Sun; S Sunil; A Sur; J Suresh; P. J Sutton; Takamasa Suzuki; Toshikazu Suzuki; B. L Swinkels; M. J Szczepańczyk; P Szewczyk; M Tacca; H Tagoshi; S. C Tait; H Takahashi; R Takahashi; A Takamori; S Takano; H Takeda; M Takeda; C Talbot; H Tanaka; Kazuyuki Tanaka; Kenta Tanaka; Taiki Tanaka; Takahiro Tanaka; A. J Tanasijczuk; S Tanioka; D. B Tanner; D Tao; A Tapia; E. N. Tapia San Martin; J. D Tasson; S Telada; R Tenorio; L Terkowski; M Test; M. P Thirugnanasambandam; M Thomas; P Thomas; J. E Thompson; S. R Thondapu; K. A Thorne; E Thrane; Shubhanshu Tiwari; Srishti Tiwari; V Tiwari; K Toland; A. E Tolley; T Tomaru; Y Tomigami; T Tomura; M Tonelli; A Torres-Forné; C. I Torrie; I. Tosta e Melo; D Töyrä; A Trapananti; F Travasso; G Traylor; M. C Tringali; A Tripathee; L Troiano; A Trovato; L Trozzo; R. J Trudeau; D. S Tsai; D Tsai; K. W Tsang; T Tsang; J-S Tsao; M Tse; R Tso; K Tsubono; S Tsuchida; L Tsukada; D Tsuna; T Tsutsui; T Tsuzuki; M Turconi; D Tuyenbayev; A. S Ubhi; N Uchikata; T Uchiyama; R. P Udall; A Ueda; T Uehara; K Ueno; G Ueshima; D Ugolini; C. S Unnikrishnan; F Uraguchi; A. L Urban; T Ushiba; S. A Usman; A. C Utina; H Vahlbruch; G Vajente; A Vajpeyi; G Valdes; M Valentini; V Valsan; N van Bakel; M van Beuzekom; J. F. J. van den Brand; C. Van Den Broeck; N Van Remortel; D. C Vander-Hyde; L van der Schaaf; J. V van Heijningen; M. H. P. M van Putten; M Vardaro; A. F Vargas; V Varma; M Vasúth; A Vecchio; G Vedovato; J Veitch; P. J Veitch; K Venkateswara; J Venneberg; G Venugopalan; D Verkindt; Y Verma; D Veske; F Vetrano; A Viceré; A. D Viets; V Villa-Ortega; J. -Y Vinet; S Vitale; T Vo; H Vocca; E. R. G von Reis; J von Wrangel; C Vorvick; S. P Vyatchanin; L. E Wade; M Wade; K. J Wagner; R. C Walet; M Walker; G. S Wallace; L Wallace; S Walsh; J Wang; J. Z Wang; W. H Wang; R. L Ward; J Warner; M Was; T Washimi; N. Y Washington; J Watchi; B Weaver; L Wei; M Weinert; A. J Weinstein; R Weiss; C. M Weller; F Wellmann; L Wen; P Weßels; J. W Westhouse; K Wette; J. T Whelan; D. D White; B. F Whiting; C Whittle; D Wilken; D Williams; M. J Williams; A. R Williamson; J. L Willis; B Willke; D. J Wilson; W Winkler; C. C Wipf; T Wlodarczyk; G Woan; J Woehler; J. K Wofford; I. C. F Wong; C Wu; D. S Wu; H Wu; S Wu; D. M Wysocki; L Xiao; W-R Xu; T Yamada; H Yamamoto; Kazuhiro Yamamoto; Kohei Yamamoto; T Yamamoto; K Yamashita; R Yamazaki; F. W Yang; L Yang; Yang Yang; Yi Yang; Z Yang; M. J Yap; D. W Yeeles; A. B Yelikar; M Ying; K Yokogawa; J Yokoyama; T Yokozawa; A Yoon; T Yoshioka; Hang Yu; Haocun Yu; H Yuzurihara; A Zadrożny; M Zanolin; S Zeidler; T Zelenova; J. -P Zendri; M Zevin; M Zhan; H Zhang; J Zhang; L Zhang; R Zhang; T Zhang; C Zhao; G Zhao; Yue Zhao; Yuhang Zhao; Z Zhou; X. J Zhu; Z. -H Zhu; M. E Zucker; J Zweizig

doi:10.48550/arxiv.2101.12130

Preprint

Upper Limits on the Isotropic Gravitational-Wave Background from Advanced LIGO's and Advanced Virgo's Third Observing Run

The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, the KAGRA Collaboration, R Abbott, T. D Abbott, S Abraham, F Acernese, K Ackley, A Adams, C Adams, …

arXiv.org

01/28/2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2101.12130

Abstract

Physics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics

Physics - General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology

Phys. Rev. D 104, 022004 (2021) We report results of a search for an isotropic gravitational-wave background (GWB) using data from Advanced LIGO's and Advanced Virgo's third observing run (O3) combined with upper limits from the earlier O1 and O2 runs. Unlike in previous observing runs in the advanced detector era, we include Virgo in the search for the GWB. The results are consistent with uncorrelated noise, and therefore we place upper limits on the strength of the GWB. We find that the dimensionless energy density $\Omega_{\rm GW}\leq 5.8\times 10^{-9}$ at the 95% credible level for a flat (frequency-independent) GWB, using a prior which is uniform in the log of the strength of the GWB, with 99% of the sensitivity coming from the band 20-76.6 Hz; $\leq 3.4 \times 10^{-9}$ at 25 Hz for a power-law GWB with a spectral index of 2/3 (consistent with expectations for compact binary coalescences), in the band 20-90.6 Hz; and $\leq 3.9 \times 10^{-10}$ at 25 Hz for a spectral index of 3, in the band 20-291.6 Hz. These upper limits improve over our previous results by a factor of 6.0 for a flat GWB. We also search for a GWB arising from scalar and vector modes, which are predicted by alternative theories of gravity; we place upper limits on the strength of GWBs with these polarizations. We demonstrate that there is no evidence of correlated noise of magnetic origin by performing a Bayesian analysis that allows for the presence of both a GWB and an effective magnetic background arising from geophysical Schumann resonances. We compare our upper limits to a fiducial model for the GWB from the merger of compact binaries. Finally, we combine our results with observations of individual mergers andshow that, at design sensitivity, this joint approach may yield stronger constraints on the merger rate of binary black holes at $z \lesssim 2$ than can be achieved with individually resolved mergers alone. [abridged]

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Title: Upper Limits on the Isotropic Gravitational-Wave Background from Advanced LIGO's and Advanced Virgo's Third Observing Run
Creators: The LIGO Scientific Collaboration
the Virgo Collaboration
the KAGRA Collaboration
R Abbott
T. D Abbott
S Abraham
F Acernese
K Ackley
A Adams
C Adams
R. X Adhikari
V. B Adya
C Affeldt
D Agarwal
M Agathos
K Agatsuma
N Aggarwal
O. D Aguiar
L Aiello
A Ain
T Akutsu
K. M Aleman
G Allen
A Allocca
P. A Altin
A Amato
S Anand
A Ananyeva
S. B Anderson
W. G Anderson
M Ando
S. V Angelova
S Ansoldi
J. M Antelis
S Antier
S Appert
Koya Arai
Koji Arai
Y Arai
S Araki
A Araya
M. C Araya
J. S Areeda
M Arène
N Aritomi
N Arnaud
S. M Aronson
H Asada
Y Asali
G Ashton
Y Aso
S. M Aston
P Astone
F Aubin
P Aufmuth
K AultONeal
C Austin
S Babak
F Badaracco
M. K. M Bader
S Bae
Y Bae
A. M Baer
S Bagnasco
Y Bai
L Baiotti
J Baird
R Bajpai
M Ball
G Ballardin
S. W Ballmer
M Bals
A Balsamo
G Baltus
S Banagiri
D Bankar
R. S Bankar
J. C Barayoga
C Barbieri
B. C Barish
D Barker
P Barneo
S Barnum
F Barone
B Barr
L Barsotti
M Barsuglia
D Barta
J Bartlett
M. A Barton
I Bartos
R Bassiri
A Basti
M Bawaj
J. C Bayley
A. C Baylor
M Bazzan
B Bécsy
V. M Bedakihale
M Bejger
I Belahcene
V Benedetto
D Beniwal
M. G Benjamin
T. F Bennett
J. D Bentley
M BenYaala
F Bergamin
B. K Berger
S Bernuzzi
D Bersanetti
A Bertolini
J Betzwieser
R Bhandare
A. V Bhandari
D Bhattacharjee
S Bhaumik
J Bidler
I. A Bilenko
G Billingsley
R Birney
O Birnholtz
S Biscans
M Bischi
S Biscoveanu
A Bisht
B Biswas
M Bitossi
M. -A Bizouard
J. K Blackburn
J Blackman
C. D Blair
D. G Blair
R. M Blair
F Bobba
N Bode
M Boer
G Bogaert
M Boldrini
F Bondu
E Bonilla
R Bonnand
P Booker
B. A Boom
R Bork
V Boschi
N Bose
S Bose
V Bossilkov
V Boudart
Y Bouffanais
A Bozzi
C Bradaschia
P. R Brady
A Bramley
A Branch
M Branchesi
J. E Brau
M Breschi
T Briant
J. H Briggs
A Brillet
M Brinkmann
P Brockill
A. F Brooks
J Brooks
D. D Brown
S Brunett
G Bruno
R Bruntz
J Bryant
A Buikema
T Bulik
H. J Bulten
A Buonanno
R Buscicchio
D Buskulic
R. L Byer
L Cadonati
M Caesar
G Cagnoli
C Cahillane
H. W CainIII
J. Calderón Bustillo
J. D Callaghan
T. A Callister
E Calloni
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M Canepa
M Cannavacciuolo
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H Cao
J Cao
Z Cao
E Capocasa
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Publication Details: arXiv.org
Identifiers: 996657844301851
Academic Unit: Physics
Language: English
Resource Type: Preprint