Abstract
Physical therapists working with older adults often encounter problems related to low motivation and adherence. This review article integrates data on factors related to adherence behavior from the fields of sports medicine, sport psychology, athletic training, and physical therapy and applies the results to older adults in rehabilitation. Key factors are highlighted and a model for predicting adherence behavior, based on protection motivation theory, is outlined. The authors advocate complementing orthopedic assessment with a psychosocial assessment in the form of brief surveys or structured interview. The article concludes with several evidence-based recommendations for the practicing physical therapist.