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Preliminary construct validity and cluster profiles for two new well-being instruments: Well-being in Sport Questionnaire (WBSQ) and the Sport WB Enhancement Profile (SWBEP)
Journal article   Peer reviewed

Preliminary construct validity and cluster profiles for two new well-being instruments: Well-being in Sport Questionnaire (WBSQ) and the Sport WB Enhancement Profile (SWBEP)

Seth Rose, Damon Burton, Julie Son, Emma Grindley, Clarissa Richardson, Jon Hammermeister and Michael Pickering
Performance enhancement & health (Oxford), Vol.14(3), pp.1-10
07/2026

Abstract

Assessment Instrument development Psychological well-being Sport psychology Sport well-being
Sport-specific well-being (WB) is a multidimensional concept for athletes' overall performance and mental health, yet few context-specific validated instruments exist to assess this construct. Two instruments were developed to provide a holistic assessment of athletes' WB and preliminary evidence for score validity was established using contemporary psychometric methods, including factor analysis and structural equation modeling (Boateng et al., 2018; Rose et al., 2025). The results demonstrated preliminary evidence of convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity across various psychosocial variables, including stress, global WB, and motivational factors, extending prior development work of the instruments. Cluster analyses identified four distinct WB profiles among athletes, offering deeper insights into the complexities of sport-specific WB. These findings suggest that the WBSQ and SWBEP may be valuable tools for practitioners seeking to enhance athletes' well-being and performance through targeted strategies and comprehensive assessment.
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.peh.2026.100443View

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