Abstract
Insulators are crucial components of power grid systems, safeguarding against electrical conductor breaks. However, their prolonged exposure to complex outdoor environments renders them susceptible to defects. In this study, we address the importance of accurate insulator defect detection and propose an approach using the You Only Look Once (YOLO) object detection framework. In particular, we compare the performance of YOLO v8 against YOLO v7 in detecting two specific types of insulator defects—broken insulators and flashover damaged insulators. Leveraging the Insulator Defect Image Dataset, our results demonstrate that YOLO v8 achieves superior accuracy with a rate of 98.99 percent along with a mean average precision (mAP) of 99.10 percent. The findings underscore the efficacy of YOLO v8 in improving the reliability and resilience of power grid systems by allowing timely and accurate detection of insulator defects in complex outdoor environments. This research contributes to advancing the field of power grid infrastructure monitoring and maintenance, ultimately facilitating more effective strategies for mitigating the consequence of insulator defects on power grid system performance and reliability.